基于stm32f103zet6点亮LED之启动文件
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终于开始点亮第一个LED了，惯用思维，从模仿开始！前两天一直在做最小系统板，今天上午才调试出来，测试程序也是的别人的，从现在开始就来仔细分析一下这第一个点灯大法吧！
由于在开始学习stm32之前已经接触过相关的指导书了，所以现在学起来还是比较轻松的，废话不多说，直接从启动文件开始吧!
启动文件这部分和arm11的还是很类似的，是开发板上电后执行的第一段代码，唯一不同的感觉的就是比arm11的启动文件简单多了，下面的一些代码解释都是和arm11对照来说的，上代码吧，声明，我使用的是3.5的库！芯片的具体型号是stm32f103zet6！这里我不适用keil自带的启动代码，为什么，百度能搜到原因！
首先明白一点自己所用的板子的简单介绍采用STM32F103系列最高端配置芯片STM32F103ZET6，Cortex-M3内核32位处理器,72M主频，LQFP144封装，片内FLASH容量:512K,片内SRAM容量:64
所以采用的是sartup_stm32f10x_hd.s这个启动文件，这是型号所决定的，当然，如果你自己想要写启动文件的另当别论！
上代码了
Stack_Size EQU 0x00000400//这里是定义了栈的大小
AREA STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3 //AREA表示开辟一个新的段（数据或者代码）后面就指定了该段的属性
//名称为stack，未初始化，可读写，以2*2*2 = 8字节方式对齐
//所谓字节对齐就是就是该代码段的指令地址能够被8整除，Cortex-M3
//的指令地址要求是4字节对齐的，要求不同罢了！
Stack_Mem SPACE Stack_Size //分配堆栈空间，将Stack_Size的首地址给Stack_Mem，SPACE 用于分配一片连续的存储单元
__initial_sp //初始化堆栈指针，注意栈是向下增长的
__initial_spTop EQU 0x20000400 ; stack used for SystemInit_ExtMemCtl
;
;
;
Heap_Size EQU 0x00000200 //与之对应的是堆的大小
AREA HEAP, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3 //同样的道理
__heap_base
Heap_Mem SPACE Heap_Size
__heap_limit
PRESERVE8 //这是整个文件8字节的描述方式，在使用RVDS2.2的时候也是要8字节对齐的
//这个和编译器和处理器有关，不许深究
THUMB //THUNB指令集
; Vector Table Mapped to Address 0 at Reset
AREA RESET, DATA, READONLY //下面就是复位向量了
EXPORT __Vectors //EXPORT用于声明一个符号，相当于全局变量，可以被调用
EXPORT __Vectors_End //相对应的还有一个IMPORT是调用别的函数，相当于一个全局变量
EXPORT __Vectors_Size
__Vectors DCD __initial_spTop ; Top of Stack//DCD指令为各中断向量分配空间
DCD Reset_Handler ; Reset Handler
DCD NMI_Handler ; NMI Handler
DCD HardFault_Handler ; Hard Fault Handler
DCD MemManage_Handler ; MPU Fault Handler
DCD BusFault_Handler ; Bus Fault Handler
DCD UsageFault_Handler ; Usage Fault Handler
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD SVC_Handler ; SVCall Handler
DCD DebugMon_Handler ; Debug Monitor Handler
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD PendSV_Handler ; PendSV Handler
DCD SysTick_Handler ; SysTick Handler
; External Interrupts
DCD WWDG_IRQHandler ; Window Watchdog
DCD PVD_IRQHandler ; PVD through EXTI Line detect
DCD TAMPER_IRQHandler ; Tamper
DCD RTC_IRQHandler ; RTC
DCD FLASH_IRQHandler ; Flash
DCD RCC_IRQHandler ; RCC
//以下为外部中断向量表
DCD EXTI0_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 0
DCD EXTI1_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 1
DCD EXTI2_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 2
DCD EXTI3_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 3
DCD EXTI4_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 4
DCD DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 1
DCD DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 2
DCD DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 3
DCD DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 4
DCD DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 5
DCD DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 6
DCD DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 7
DCD ADC1_2_IRQHandler ; ADC1 & ADC2
DCD USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQHandler ; USB High Priority or CAN1 TX
DCD USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler ; USB Low Priority or CAN1 RX0
DCD CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler ; CAN1 RX1
DCD CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler ; CAN1 SCE
DCD EXTI9_5_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 9..5
DCD TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Break
DCD TIM1_UP_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Update
DCD TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Trigger and Commutation
DCD TIM1_CC_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Capture Compare
DCD TIM2_IRQHandler ; TIM2
DCD TIM3_IRQHandler ; TIM3
DCD TIM4_IRQHandler ; TIM4
DCD I2C1_EV_IRQHandler ; I2C1 Event
DCD I2C1_ER_IRQHandler ; I2C1 Error
DCD I2C2_EV_IRQHandler ; I2C2 Event
DCD I2C2_ER_IRQHandler ; I2C2 Error
DCD SPI1_IRQHandler ; SPI1
DCD SPI2_IRQHandler ; SPI2
DCD USART1_IRQHandler ; USART1
DCD USART2_IRQHandler ; USART2
DCD USART3_IRQHandler ; USART3
DCD EXTI15_10_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 15..10
DCD RTCAlarm_IRQHandler ; RTC Alarm through EXTI Line
DCD USBWakeUp_IRQHandler ; USB Wakeup from suspend
DCD TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Break
DCD TIM8_UP_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Update
DCD TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Trigger and Commutation
DCD TIM8_CC_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Capture Compare
DCD ADC3_IRQHandler ; ADC3
DCD FSMC_IRQHandler ; FSMC
DCD SDIO_IRQHandler ; SDIO
DCD TIM5_IRQHandler ; TIM5
DCD SPI3_IRQHandler ; SPI3
DCD UART4_IRQHandler ; UART4
DCD UART5_IRQHandler ; UART5
DCD TIM6_IRQHandler ; TIM6
DCD TIM7_IRQHandler ; TIM7
DCD DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel1
DCD DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel2
DCD DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel3
DCD DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel4 & Channel5
__Vectors_End
__Vectors_Size EQU __Vectors_End - __Vectors
AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY //开辟代码段
; Dummy SystemInit_ExtMemCtl function
SystemInit_ExtMemCtl PROC
EXPORT SystemInit_ExtMemCtl [WEAK]
BX LR
ENDP
; Reset handler routine
Reset_Handler PROC
EXPORT Reset_Handler [WEAK]
IMPORT __main //调用main函数，这就是每个程序需要main函数的原因
//所以你可以修改成你顺眼的主函数
LDR R0, = SystemInit_ExtMemCtl ; initialize external memory controller
BLX R0
//这应该是一条位置相关跳转代码指令，也也就是跳转到运行地址
//而不是编译地址，不清楚的可以百度了!
LDR R1, = __initial_sp ; restore original stack pointer
MSR MSP, R1 //存储堆栈指针
LDR R0, =__main //同样的道理
BX R0
ENDP
; Dummy Exception Handlers (infinite loops which can be modified)
//下面的中断都是不可返回的中断跳转，一般都是系自我保护的中断跳转
NMI_Handler PROC
EXPORT NMI_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
HardFault_Handler
PROC
EXPORT HardFault_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
MemManage_Handler
PROC
EXPORT MemManage_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
BusFault_Handler
PROC
EXPORT BusFault_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
UsageFault_Handler
PROC
EXPORT UsageFault_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
SVC_Handler PROC
EXPORT SVC_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
DebugMon_Handler
PROC
EXPORT DebugMon_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
PendSV_Handler PROC
EXPORT PendSV_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
SysTick_Handler PROC
EXPORT SysTick_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
Default_Handler PROC
//输出异常向量表标号，方便外部实现异常的具体功能
[WEAK] 是弱定义的意思，如果外部定义了，优先执行外部定义，
否则下面的函数定义,明显这是为了防止我们使用了中断，却没有定义而准备的。
EXPORT WWDG_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT PVD_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TAMPER_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT RTC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT FLASH_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT RCC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI0_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT ADC1_2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI9_5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_UP_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_CC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C1_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C1_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C2_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C2_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SPI1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SPI2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USART1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USART2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USART3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI15_10_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT RTCAlarm_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USBWakeUp_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM8_UP_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM8_CC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT ADC3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT FSMC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SDIO_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SPI3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT UART4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT UART5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM6_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM7_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
//不难看出这些个函数都是空函数，所以什么都不会做的，我们只要 重新定义和使用这些函数就行了，还有一点就是下面的中断函数都是用的同一个地址
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